We need to keep translating job openings into hires to reach full employment
According to this morning’s Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the job-seekers to job-openings ratio held steady at 1.4 in February 2015, meaning there are still 14 job seekers for every 10 job openings in the economy. While there have been great improvements in the job-seekers ratio in the past several years, we are still far from a full employment economy. The job-seekers ratio also fails to reflect the missing workers in the economy today—in other words, those who are not actively seeking a job (in the last four weeks), but would likely start looking if the economy was stronger and they saw better opportunities for themselves in it.
The job-seekers ratio, 2000-2016
Job-seekers ratio | |
---|---|
Dec-2000 | 1.189611 |
Jan-2001 | 1.118477 |
Feb-2001 | 1.307213 |
Mar-2001 | 1.345825 |
Apr-2001 | 1.279535 |
May-2001 | 1.368352 |
Jun-2001 | 1.514953 |
Jul-2001 | 1.463214 |
Aug-2001 | 1.703435 |
Sep-2001 | 1.79673 |
Oct-2001 | 2.134258 |
Nov-2001 | 2.362858 |
Dec-2001 | 2.439586 |
Jan-2002 | 2.176643 |
Feb-2002 | 2.43624 |
Mar-2002 | 2.338496 |
Apr-2002 | 2.476671 |
May-2002 | 2.335651 |
Jun-2002 | 2.494205 |
Jul-2002 | 2.459689 |
Aug-2002 | 2.37937 |
Sep-2002 | 2.494256 |
Oct-2002 | 2.349929 |
Nov-2002 | 2.494876 |
Dec-2002 | 2.93578 |
Jan-2003 | 2.228033 |
Feb-2003 | 2.54895 |
Mar-2003 | 2.813893 |
Apr-2003 | 2.647305 |
May-2003 | 2.770492 |
Jun-2003 | 2.779244 |
Jul-2003 | 2.755657 |
Aug-2003 | 2.709717 |
Sep-2003 | 2.902082 |
Oct-2003 | 2.724493 |
Nov-2003 | 2.716503 |
Dec-2003 | 2.587741 |
Jan-2004 | 2.419775 |
Feb-2004 | 2.400647 |
Mar-2004 | 2.51213 |
Apr-2004 | 2.251309 |
May-2004 | 2.243716 |
Jun-2004 | 2.419977 |
Jul-2004 | 2.068124 |
Aug-2004 | 2.207792 |
Sep-2004 | 2.118386 |
Oct-2004 | 2.125791 |
Nov-2004 | 2.44966 |
Dec-2004 | 2.173699 |
Jan-2005 | 2.120981 |
Feb-2005 | 2.075423 |
Mar-2005 | 2.019577 |
Apr-2005 | 1.808155 |
May-2005 | 1.969876 |
Jun-2005 | 1.870711 |
Jul-2005 | 1.714749 |
Aug-2005 | 1.803339 |
Sep-2005 | 1.782629 |
Oct-2005 | 1.742577 |
Nov-2005 | 1.792891 |
Dec-2005 | 1.791093 |
Jan-2006 | 1.643555 |
Feb-2006 | 1.698747 |
Mar-2006 | 1.574004 |
Apr-2006 | 1.521368 |
May-2006 | 1.590339 |
Jun-2006 | 1.609795 |
Jul-2006 | 1.727251 |
Aug-2006 | 1.555044 |
Sep-2006 | 1.516165 |
Oct-2006 | 1.504249 |
Nov-2006 | 1.583045 |
Dec-2006 | 1.580645 |
Jan-2007 | 1.536933 |
Feb-2007 | 1.5514 |
Mar-2007 | 1.442563 |
Apr-2007 | 1.419983 |
May-2007 | 1.487033 |
Jun-2007 | 1.51454 |
Jul-2007 | 1.592205 |
Aug-2007 | 1.551482 |
Sep-2007 | 1.585231 |
Oct-2007 | 1.683023 |
Nov-2007 | 1.74206 |
Dec-2007 | 1.854232 |
Jan-2008 | 1.803991 |
Feb-2008 | 1.854775 |
Mar-2008 | 1.955011 |
Apr-2008 | 1.863592 |
May-2008 | 2.119949 |
Jun-2008 | 2.276347 |
Jul-2008 | 2.338917 |
Aug-2008 | 2.575171 |
Sep-2008 | 2.908701 |
Oct-2008 | 3.060146 |
Nov-2008 | 3.564953 |
Dec-2008 | 3.987986 |
Jan-2009 | 4.357788 |
Feb-2009 | 4.621283 |
Mar-2009 | 5.389803 |
Apr-2009 | 5.877387 |
May-2009 | 5.974042 |
Jun-2009 | 6.057249 |
Jul-2009 | 6.648907 |
Aug-2009 | 6.424111 |
Sep-2009 | 6.056901 |
Oct-2009 | 6.396667 |
Nov-2009 | 6.47617 |
Dec-2009 | 6.272538 |
Jan-2010 | 5.707891 |
Feb-2010 | 5.862296 |
Mar-2010 | 5.702176 |
Apr-2010 | 4.759317 |
May-2010 | 5.136285 |
Jun-2010 | 5.433183 |
Jul-2010 | 4.894435 |
Aug-2010 | 5.016438 |
Sep-2010 | 5.268883 |
Oct-2010 | 4.78602 |
Nov-2010 | 5.17536 |
Dec-2010 | 5.022051 |
Jan-2011 | 4.767948 |
Feb-2011 | 4.522251 |
Mar-2011 | 4.388818 |
Apr-2011 | 4.246121 |
May-2011 | 4.449261 |
Jun-2011 | 4.330645 |
Jul-2011 | 3.960576 |
Aug-2011 | 4.361742 |
Sep-2011 | 3.990844 |
Oct-2011 | 3.973692 |
Nov-2011 | 4.218839 |
Dec-2011 | 3.886316 |
Jan-2012 | 3.481168 |
Feb-2012 | 3.66124 |
Mar-2012 | 3.301661 |
Apr-2012 | 3.450996 |
May-2012 | 3.414733 |
Jun-2012 | 3.348365 |
Jul-2012 | 3.427721 |
Aug-2012 | 3.413133 |
Sep-2012 | 3.436173 |
Oct-2012 | 3.268247 |
Nov-2012 | 3.377672 |
Dec-2012 | 3.439318 |
Jan-2013 | 3.345097 |
Feb-2013 | 3.009567 |
Mar-2013 | 2.99436 |
Apr-2013 | 2.963907 |
May-2013 | 2.995625 |
Jun-2013 | 3.002811 |
Jul-2013 | 2.902171 |
Aug-2013 | 2.877837 |
Sep-2013 | 2.836136 |
Oct-2013 | 2.718811 |
Nov-2013 | 2.783909 |
Dec-2013 | 2.778995 |
Jan-2014 | 2.624099 |
Feb-2014 | 2.531723 |
Mar-2014 | 2.478582 |
Apr-2014 | 2.12 |
May-2014 | 2.111449 |
Jun-2014 | 2.01919 |
Jul-2014 | 2.062179 |
Aug-2014 | 1.942044 |
Sep-2014 | 1.995706 |
Oct-2014 | 1.835989 |
Nov-2014 | 1.917602 |
Dec-2014 | 1.807684 |
Jan-2015 | 1.794047 |
Feb-2015 | 1.685052 |
Mar-2015 | 1.651931 |
Apr-2015 | 1.527419 |
May-2015 | 1.60026 |
Jun-2015 | 1.598684 |
Jul-2015 | 1.42519 |
Aug-2015 | 1.51055 |
Sep-2015 | 1.478545 |
Oct-2015 | 1.456842 |
Nov-2015 | 1.524432 |
Dec-2015 | 1.496686 |
Jan-2016 | 1.390257 |
Feb-2016 | 1.435262 |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and Current Population Survey
There is still a substantial gap between the number of job openings and the number of unemployed people, illustrating just how far we are from full employment. As shown in the figure below, this gap is far larger today than it would be in a tight labor market.
Job openings levels and unemployment levels, 2000-2016
Job Openings level | Unemployment level | |
---|---|---|
Dec-2000 | 4.736 | 5.634 |
Jan-2001 | 5.385 | 6.023 |
Feb-2001 | 4.658 | 6.089 |
Mar-2001 | 4.563 | 6.141 |
Apr-2001 | 4.901 | 6.271 |
May-2001 | 4.55 | 6.226 |
Jun-2001 | 4.28 | 6.484 |
Jul-2001 | 4.499 | 6.583 |
Aug-2001 | 4.134 | 7.042 |
Sep-2001 | 3.975 | 7.142 |
Oct-2001 | 3.605 | 7.694 |
Nov-2001 | 3.387 | 8.003 |
Dec-2001 | 3.385 | 8.258 |
Jan-2002 | 3.759 | 8.182 |
Feb-2002 | 3.372 | 8.215 |
Mar-2002 | 3.551 | 8.304 |
Apr-2002 | 3.472 | 8.599 |
May-2002 | 3.596 | 8.399 |
Jun-2002 | 3.365 | 8.393 |
Jul-2002 | 3.411 | 8.39 |
Aug-2002 | 3.49 | 8.304 |
Sep-2002 | 3.308 | 8.251 |
Oct-2002 | 3.535 | 8.307 |
Nov-2002 | 3.415 | 8.52 |
Dec-2002 | 2.943 | 8.64 |
Jan-2003 | 3.824 | 8.52 |
Feb-2003 | 3.381 | 8.618 |
Mar-2003 | 3.052 | 8.588 |
Apr-2003 | 3.34 | 8.842 |
May-2003 | 3.233 | 8.957 |
Jun-2003 | 3.334 | 9.266 |
Jul-2003 | 3.27 | 9.011 |
Aug-2003 | 3.283 | 8.896 |
Sep-2003 | 3.074 | 8.921 |
Oct-2003 | 3.205 | 8.732 |
Nov-2003 | 3.157 | 8.576 |
Dec-2003 | 3.214 | 8.317 |
Jan-2004 | 3.459 | 8.37 |
Feb-2004 | 3.402 | 8.167 |
Mar-2004 | 3.38 | 8.491 |
Apr-2004 | 3.629 | 8.17 |
May-2004 | 3.66 | 8.212 |
Jun-2004 | 3.424 | 8.286 |
Jul-2004 | 3.934 | 8.136 |
Aug-2004 | 3.619 | 7.99 |
Sep-2004 | 3.742 | 7.927 |
Oct-2004 | 3.792 | 8.061 |
Nov-2004 | 3.238 | 7.932 |
Dec-2004 | 3.65 | 7.934 |
Jan-2005 | 3.67 | 7.784 |
Feb-2005 | 3.845 | 7.98 |
Mar-2005 | 3.831 | 7.737 |
Apr-2005 | 4.243 | 7.672 |
May-2005 | 3.884 | 7.651 |
Jun-2005 | 4.022 | 7.524 |
Jul-2005 | 4.319 | 7.406 |
Aug-2005 | 4.073 | 7.345 |
Sep-2005 | 4.237 | 7.553 |
Oct-2005 | 4.277 | 7.453 |
Nov-2005 | 4.22 | 7.566 |
Dec-2005 | 4.064 | 7.279 |
Jan-2006 | 4.298 | 7.064 |
Feb-2006 | 4.229 | 7.184 |
Mar-2006 | 4.493 | 7.072 |
Apr-2006 | 4.68 | 7.12 |
May-2006 | 4.389 | 6.98 |
Jun-2006 | 4.349 | 7.001 |
Jul-2006 | 4.154 | 7.175 |
Aug-2006 | 4.56 | 7.091 |
Sep-2006 | 4.516 | 6.847 |
Oct-2006 | 4.472 | 6.727 |
Nov-2006 | 4.341 | 6.872 |
Dec-2006 | 4.278 | 6.762 |
Jan-2007 | 4.63 | 7.116 |
Feb-2007 | 4.465 | 6.927 |
Mar-2007 | 4.666 | 6.731 |
Apr-2007 | 4.824 | 6.85 |
May-2007 | 4.55 | 6.766 |
Jun-2007 | 4.608 | 6.979 |
Jul-2007 | 4.49 | 7.149 |
Aug-2007 | 4.555 | 7.067 |
Sep-2007 | 4.523 | 7.17 |
Oct-2007 | 4.3 | 7.237 |
Nov-2007 | 4.156 | 7.24 |
Dec-2007 | 4.123 | 7.645 |
Jan-2008 | 4.26 | 7.685 |
Feb-2008 | 4.042 | 7.497 |
Mar-2008 | 4.001 | 7.822 |
Apr-2008 | 4.098 | 7.637 |
May-2008 | 3.96 | 8.395 |
Jun-2008 | 3.767 | 8.575 |
Jul-2008 | 3.821 | 8.937 |
Aug-2008 | 3.665 | 9.438 |
Sep-2008 | 3.264 | 9.494 |
Oct-2008 | 3.292 | 10.074 |
Nov-2008 | 2.956 | 10.538 |
Dec-2008 | 2.83 | 11.286 |
Jan-2009 | 2.767 | 12.058 |
Feb-2009 | 2.791 | 12.898 |
Mar-2009 | 2.491 | 13.426 |
Apr-2009 | 2.357 | 13.853 |
May-2009 | 2.427 | 14.499 |
Jun-2009 | 2.428 | 14.707 |
Jul-2009 | 2.196 | 14.601 |
Aug-2009 | 2.306 | 14.814 |
Sep-2009 | 2.478 | 15.009 |
Oct-2009 | 2.4 | 15.352 |
Nov-2009 | 2.35 | 15.219 |
Dec-2009 | 2.407 | 15.098 |
Jan-2010 | 2.636 | 15.046 |
Feb-2010 | 2.578 | 15.113 |
Mar-2010 | 2.666 | 15.202 |
Apr-2010 | 3.22 | 15.325 |
May-2010 | 2.891 | 14.849 |
Jun-2010 | 2.664 | 14.474 |
Jul-2010 | 2.965 | 14.512 |
Aug-2010 | 2.92 | 14.648 |
Sep-2010 | 2.767 | 14.579 |
Oct-2010 | 3.033 | 14.516 |
Nov-2010 | 2.914 | 15.081 |
Dec-2010 | 2.857 | 14.348 |
Jan-2011 | 2.939 | 14.013 |
Feb-2011 | 3.056 | 13.82 |
Mar-2011 | 3.13 | 13.737 |
Apr-2011 | 3.287 | 13.957 |
May-2011 | 3.114 | 13.855 |
Jun-2011 | 3.224 | 13.962 |
Jul-2011 | 3.475 | 13.763 |
Aug-2011 | 3.168 | 13.818 |
Sep-2011 | 3.495 | 13.948 |
Oct-2011 | 3.421 | 13.594 |
Nov-2011 | 3.153 | 13.302 |
Dec-2011 | 3.369 | 13.093 |
Jan-2012 | 3.664 | 12.755 |
Feb-2012 | 3.501 | 12.818 |
Mar-2012 | 3.852 | 12.718 |
Apr-2012 | 3.663 | 12.641 |
May-2012 | 3.706 | 12.655 |
Jun-2012 | 3.792 | 12.697 |
Jul-2012 | 3.694 | 12.662 |
Aug-2012 | 3.655 | 12.475 |
Sep-2012 | 3.533 | 12.14 |
Oct-2012 | 3.713 | 12.135 |
Nov-2012 | 3.556 | 12.011 |
Dec-2012 | 3.576 | 12.299 |
Jan-2013 | 3.712 | 12.417 |
Feb-2013 | 3.972 | 11.954 |
Mar-2013 | 3.901 | 11.681 |
Apr-2013 | 3.962 | 11.743 |
May-2013 | 3.886 | 11.641 |
Jun-2013 | 3.913 | 11.75 |
Jul-2013 | 3.915 | 11.362 |
Aug-2013 | 3.921 | 11.284 |
Sep-2013 | 3.985 | 11.302 |
Oct-2013 | 4.104 | 11.158 |
Nov-2013 | 3.878 | 10.796 |
Dec-2013 | 3.742 | 10.399 |
Jan-2014 | 3.884 | 10.192 |
Feb-2014 | 4.098 | 10.375 |
Mar-2014 | 4.202 | 10.415 |
Apr-2014 | 4.575 | 9.699 |
May-2014 | 4.603 | 9.719 |
Jun-2014 | 4.69 | 9.47 |
Jul-2014 | 4.68 | 9.651 |
Aug-2014 | 4.952 | 9.617 |
Sep-2014 | 4.658 | 9.296 |
Oct-2014 | 4.896 | 8.989 |
Nov-2014 | 4.721 | 9.053 |
Dec-2014 | 4.815 | 8.704 |
Jan-2015 | 4.972 | 8.92 |
Feb-2015 | 5.131 | 8.646 |
Mar-2015 | 5.18 | 8.557 |
Apr-2015 | 5.58 | 8.523 |
May-2015 | 5.386 | 8.619 |
Jun-2015 | 5.168 | 8.262 |
Jul-2015 | 5.788 | 8.249 |
Aug-2015 | 5.308 | 8.018 |
Sep-2015 | 5.36 | 7.925 |
Oct-2015 | 5.422 | 7.899 |
Nov-2015 | 5.198 | 7.924 |
Dec-2015 | 5.281 | 7.904 |
Jan-2016 | 5.604 | 7.791 |
Feb-2016 | 5.445 | 7.815 |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and Current Population Survey
The job-seekers-to-job openings ratio differs by industrial sector. Workers in some sectors (e.g., health care and social assistance, and professional and business services) are faring relatively well, but there is still a large gap between job seekers and job openings in other industries. For example, there are four unemployed construction workers for every one construction job opening.
Unemployed and job openings, by industry (in millions)
Industry | Unemployed | Job openings |
---|---|---|
Professional and business services | 0.8801 | 1.0952 |
Health care and social assistance | 0.5946 | 0.9484 |
Retail trade | 0.9857 | 0.5638 |
Accommodation and food services | 0.8746 | 0.6611 |
Government | 0.5724 | 0.4927 |
Finance and insurance | 0.1692 | 0.2582 |
Durable goods manufacturing | 0.4054 | 0.1862 |
Other services | 0.3243 | 0.1829 |
Wholesale trade | 0.1355 | 0.1686 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities | 0.2750 | 0.1983 |
Information | 0.1054 | 0.1033 |
Construction | 0.6038 | 0.1492 |
Nondurable goods manufacturing | 0.2526 | 0.1285 |
Educational services | 0.2078 | 0.0985 |
Real estate and rental and leasing | 0.0841 | 0.0747 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation | 0.1843 | 0.0650 |
Mining and logging | 0.0848 | 0.0162 |
Note: Because the data are not seasonally adjusted, these are 12-month averages, November 2014–December 2015.
Source: EPI analysis of data from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey and the Current Population Survey
As shown in the figure below, the quits rate remains depressed, meaning that workers still aren’t quitting at the rate they would be if the economy was stronger. The best news in the data released today is that hires were up. Hopefully this is a new trend and not a short term blip in the data. We need job openings to keep translating into hires if we want to reach full employment.
Hires, quits, and layoff rates, 2000-2016
Month | Hires | Layoffs | Quits |
---|---|---|---|
Dec-2000 | 4.10000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.30000000000 |
Jan-2001 | 4.40000000000 | 1.70000000000 | 2.60000000000 |
Feb-2001 | 4.20000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.40000000000 |
Mar-2001 | 4.30000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 2.40000000000 |
Apr-2001 | 4.00000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.40000000000 |
May-2001 | 4.10000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.30000000000 |
Jun-2001 | 3.80000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.30000000000 |
Jul-2001 | 3.90000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Aug-2001 | 3.80000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Sep-2001 | 3.70000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Oct-2001 | 3.80000000000 | 1.70000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Nov-2001 | 3.70000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Dec-2001 | 3.60000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Jan-2002 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Feb-2002 | 3.70000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Mar-2002 | 3.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Apr-2002 | 3.80000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
May-2002 | 3.80000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Jun-2002 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Jul-2002 | 3.80000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Aug-2002 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Sep-2002 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Oct-2002 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Nov-2002 | 3.80000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Dec-2002 | 3.80000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Jan-2003 | 3.80000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Feb-2003 | 3.60000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Mar-2003 | 3.40000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Apr-2003 | 3.60000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
May-2003 | 3.50000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Jun-2003 | 3.70000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Jul-2003 | 3.60000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Aug-2003 | 3.60000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Sep-2003 | 3.70000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Oct-2003 | 3.80000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Nov-2003 | 3.60000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Dec-2003 | 3.80000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Jan-2004 | 3.70000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Feb-2004 | 3.60000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Mar-2004 | 4.00000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Apr-2004 | 3.90000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
May-2004 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Jun-2004 | 3.80000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Jul-2004 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Aug-2004 | 3.90000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Sep-2004 | 3.80000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Oct-2004 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Nov-2004 | 3.90000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Dec-2004 | 4.00000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Jan-2005 | 3.90000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Feb-2005 | 4.00000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Mar-2005 | 3.90000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Apr-2005 | 3.90000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
May-2005 | 4.00000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Jun-2005 | 4.00000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Jul-2005 | 3.90000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Aug-2005 | 4.00000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Sep-2005 | 4.00000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.30000000000 |
Oct-2005 | 3.70000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Nov-2005 | 3.90000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Dec-2005 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Jan-2006 | 3.80000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Feb-2006 | 3.90000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Mar-2006 | 3.90000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Apr-2006 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
May-2006 | 4.00000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Jun-2006 | 3.90000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Jul-2006 | 3.90000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Aug-2006 | 3.80000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Sep-2006 | 3.80000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Oct-2006 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Nov-2006 | 4.00000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Dec-2006 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Jan-2007 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Feb-2007 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Mar-2007 | 3.90000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Apr-2007 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
May-2007 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Jun-2007 | 3.80000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Jul-2007 | 3.70000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Aug-2007 | 3.70000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Sep-2007 | 3.70000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Oct-2007 | 3.80000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Nov-2007 | 3.70000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Dec-2007 | 3.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Jan-2008 | 3.50000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Feb-2008 | 3.60000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Mar-2008 | 3.40000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Apr-2008 | 3.50000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
May-2008 | 3.30000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Jun-2008 | 3.50000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Jul-2008 | 3.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Aug-2008 | 3.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Sep-2008 | 3.20000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Oct-2008 | 3.30000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Nov-2008 | 2.90000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Dec-2008 | 3.10000000000 | 1.80000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Jan-2009 | 3.10000000000 | 1.90000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Feb-2009 | 3.00000000000 | 1.90000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Mar-2009 | 2.80000000000 | 1.80000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Apr-2009 | 2.90000000000 | 1.90000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
May-2009 | 2.90000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
Jun-2009 | 2.80000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Jul-2009 | 2.90000000000 | 1.70000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
Aug-2009 | 2.90000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
Sep-2009 | 3.00000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
Oct-2009 | 2.90000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
Nov-2009 | 3.10000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Dec-2009 | 2.90000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
Jan-2010 | 3.00000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
Feb-2010 | 2.90000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.30000000000 |
Mar-2010 | 3.20000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Apr-2010 | 3.10000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
May-2010 | 3.30000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Jun-2010 | 3.10000000000 | 1.50000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Jul-2010 | 3.20000000000 | 1.60000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Aug-2010 | 3.00000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Sep-2010 | 3.10000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Oct-2010 | 3.10000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Nov-2010 | 3.10000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Dec-2010 | 3.20000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Jan-2011 | 3.00000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Feb-2011 | 3.10000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 |
Mar-2011 | 3.30000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Apr-2011 | 3.20000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
May-2011 | 3.10000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Jun-2011 | 3.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Jul-2011 | 3.10000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Aug-2011 | 3.20000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Sep-2011 | 3.30000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Oct-2011 | 3.20000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Nov-2011 | 3.20000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Dec-2011 | 3.20000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Jan-2012 | 3.20000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Feb-2012 | 3.30000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Mar-2012 | 3.30000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Apr-2012 | 3.20000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
May-2012 | 3.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Jun-2012 | 3.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Jul-2012 | 3.20000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Aug-2012 | 3.30000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Sep-2012 | 3.20000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Oct-2012 | 3.20000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Nov-2012 | 3.30000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Dec-2012 | 3.20000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Jan-2013 | 3.30000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
Feb-2013 | 3.40000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
Mar-2013 | 3.10000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.50000000000 |
Apr-2013 | 3.30000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
May-2013 | 3.30000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
Jun-2013 | 3.20000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.60000000000 |
Jul-2013 | 3.30000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
Aug-2013 | 3.40000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
Sep-2013 | 3.40000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Oct-2013 | 3.30000000000 | 1.10000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Nov-2013 | 3.30000000000 | 1.10000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
Dec-2013 | 3.30000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
Jan-2014 | 3.40000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.70000000000 |
Feb-2014 | 3.40000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Mar-2014 | 3.50000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Apr-2014 | 3.40000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
May-2014 | 3.40000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Jun-2014 | 3.50000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Jul-2014 | 3.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Aug-2014 | 3.40000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.80000000000 |
Sep-2014 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Oct-2014 | 3.70000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Nov-2014 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Dec-2014 | 3.70000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Jan-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Feb-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Mar-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.40000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Apr-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
May-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Jun-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Jul-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Aug-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Sep-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.30000000000 | 1.90000000000 |
Oct-2015 | 3.70000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Nov-2015 | 3.70000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Dec-2015 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.20000000000 |
Jan-2016 | 3.60000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.00000000000 |
Feb-2016 | 3.80000000000 | 1.20000000000 | 2.10000000000 |
Note: Shaded areas denote recessions. The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. The layoff rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
Source: EPI analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey
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