The Politics of Fast Track: Exports, Imports and Jobs

Posted June 10, 2015 at 5:40 pm by Robert E. Scott

The Politics of Fast Track: Exports, Imports and Jobs

The House is expected to vote this week on fast track authority to negotiate two massive trade deals, including the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP). The Wall Street Journal noted on Sunday that “the decade’s old argument that major trade agreements boost both exports and jobs at home is losing its political punch, even in some of the country’s most export-heavy Congressional Districts.” One reason is that counting exports is less than half the story. While it’s true that exports support domestic jobs, imports reduce demand for domestic output and cost jobs.

As I’ve written before, trade is a two-way street, and talking about exports without considering imports is like keeping score in a baseball game by counting only the runs scored by the home team. It might make you feel good, but it won’t tell you who’s winning the game. The Journal story included a table showing the ten congressional districts with the biggest gains in exports since 2006. The authors expressed surprise that only three of the ten members representing these districts have announced support for fast track (trade promotion authority, or TPA).

Looking at jobs supported and displaced by trade in these districts provides a very different picture, which helps explain why supporters of fast track are having trouble rounding up votes in the House. In a recent study, I estimated the number of jobs supported and displaced by China trade between 2001 and 2013. We used the results of this study to examine the impacts of China trade on jobs by congressional district between 2006 and 2013—the period covered in the Wall Street Journal story. The results for the top ten districts identified by the Journal are shown in the following table.

Scott

Net U.S. jobs displaced due to goods trade deficit with China, by congressional district, 2006–2013 (ranked by growth in the dollar value of exports, as reported by the Wall Street Journal)

Rank	State	State district #	Jobs supported by exports	Jobs displaced by imports	Net jobs displaced	District employment	Jobs displaced as a share of employment
100	Washington	2	1,000	2,700	1,700	318,900	0.5%
339	New York	12	600	4,500	3,900	418,800	0.9%
421	New York	10	400	3,000	2,600	360,300	0.7%
161	Washington	9	900	4,300	3,400	341,400	1.0%
99	Washington	1	1,000	6,700	5,700	332,300	1.7%
223	Washington	7	800	5,200	4,400	380,000	1.2%
350	Texas	18	600	8,600	8,000	306,400	2.6%
210	Texas	2	800	9,800	9,000	364,600	2.5%
182	Louisiana	3	800	1,800	1,000	328,100	0.3%
55	Oregon	1	1,200	20,100	18,900	377,200	5.0%
	Total*		357,600	1,787,600	1,430,000	140,399,600	1.0%

Note: *Subcategory and overall totals may vary slightly due to rounding.

Source: Authors' analysis of U.S. Census Bureau (2013), U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC 2014), Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS 2014b), and BLS Employment Projections program (BLS-EP 2014a and 2014b). For a more detailed explanation of data sources and computations, see the appendix.

While exports support some jobs in each of the districts shown, more jobs were displaced by imports from China in each of Journal’s top 10 districts. The average congressional district shown in this table gained 810 jobs through increased exports to China, but lost 6,670 jobs due to increased imports, resulting in a net loss of 5,860 jobs per district. In total, the growth of U.S. exports to China between 2006 and 2013 supported 357,600 U.S. jobs, but the growth of imports cost 1,787,600 jobs, for a net loss of over 1.4 million U.S. jobs in this period alone.

Voters are well aware of that the fact that U.S. trade and investment deals like the agreement that allowed China to join the World Trade organization in 2001 have cost millions of U.S. jobs. This helps explain why only three of the 10 members of Congress cited in the Journal story have announced that they are likely to vote for TPA.

Perhaps the most remarkable numbers are those for the first congressional district in Oregon, which suffered a net loss of 18,900 jobs, by far the largest number of jobs lost in any district shown in this table. But this illustrates another aspect of the politics of trade and fast track. Rep. Suzanne Bonamici (D-Ore.), who represents this district, is one of two Democrats listed as likely to support TPA. It is not coincidental that Nike is also headquartered in Bonamici’s district. Nike, one of the largest U.S. outsourcers, employs more than 1 million contract workers, more than 90 percent of them in Asia. Though outsourcing has eliminated millions of U.S. jobs it is highly profitable for Nike, and its executives such as co-founder and chairman Phil Knight, whose personal worth exceeds $23 billion. U.S. multinational have lobbied heavily for fast track and proposed trade and investment deals, including the TPP.

(The Wall Street Journal also posted a complete list of exports for all 436 congressional district. A table with complete data on jobs supported by exports and jobs displaced by imports is embedded below.)

Trade and investment deals, which have fueled outsourcing and globalization, have been highly profitable for the U.S. multinationals that have been the biggest supporters of fast track and the TPP. But these deals have been extremely costly for U.S. workers and domestic businesses. The last thing America needs is to renew fast track and rush more trade and investment deals through Congress.

Scott

Net U.S. jobs displaced due to goods trade deficit with China, by congressional district, 2006–2013 (ranked alphabetically)

Rank	State	State district #	Jobs supported by exports	Jobs displaced by imports	Net jobs displaced	District employment	Jobs displaced as a share of employment
386	Alabama	1	600	1,800	1,200	283,000	0.4%
287	Alabama	2	800	2,600	1,800	276,900	0.7%
269	Alabama	3	1,000	2,900	1,900	274,600	0.7%
151	Alabama	4	1,000	3,600	2,600	262,900	1.0%
56	Alabama	5	1,000	5,600	4,600	311,900	1.5%
301	Alabama	6	700	2,700	2,000	318,400	0.6%
364	Alabama	7	700	1,900	1,200	253,500	0.5%
417	Alaska	Statewide	700	1,700	1,000	344,300	0.3%
314	Arizona	1	600	2,200	1,600	264,900	0.6%
177	Arizona	2	600	3,300	2,700	299,200	0.9%
387	Arizona	3	800	1,900	1,100	262,200	0.4%
365	Arizona	4	600	1,700	1,100	233,500	0.5%
15	Arizona	5	700	8,700	8,000	317,900	2.5%
78	Arizona	6	600	5,300	4,700	366,000	1.3%
137	Arizona	7	600	3,500	2,900	282,300	1.0%
127	Arizona	8	600	3,800	3,200	301,700	1.1%
36	Arizona	9	700	7,300	6,600	360,300	1.8%
412	Arkansas	1	1,300	2,200	900	277,400	0.3%
111	Arkansas	2	600	4,300	3,700	336,300	1.1%
109	Arkansas	3	900	4,500	3,600	327,000	1.1%
362	Arkansas	4	1,300	2,700	1,400	295,100	0.5%
169	California	1	700	3,100	2,400	260,300	0.9%
305	California	2	900	2,900	2,000	323,100	0.6%
423	California	3	900	1,500	600	286,600	0.2%
43	California	4	600	5,600	5,000	294,200	1.7%
155	California	5	1,000	4,200	3,200	326,800	1.0%
157	California	6	500	3,300	2,800	288,300	1.0%
26	California	7	400	6,900	6,500	313,200	2.1%
369	California	8	400	1,500	1,100	235,500	0.5%
393	California	9	900	2,000	1,100	275,300	0.4%
234	California	10	1,000	3,100	2,100	277,200	0.8%
179	California	11	600	3,500	2,900	324,200	0.9%
51	California	12	500	6,600	6,100	399,400	1.5%
38	California	13	500	6,600	6,100	340,200	1.8%
18	California	14	700	9,400	8,700	364,000	2.4%
5	California	15	700	17,900	17,200	336,400	5.1%
435	California	16	1,800	1,500	-300	244,900	-0.1%
1	California	17	1,000	39,800	38,800	346,100	11.2%
2	California	18	800	33,400	32,600	344,500	9.5%
3	California	19	900	25,900	25,000	324,000	7.7%
180	California	20	2,100	4,800	2,700	302,500	0.9%
436	California	21	3,100	1,200	-1,900	243,800	-0.8%
431	California	22	1,500	1,700	200	289,600	0.1%
426	California	23	1,000	1,500	500	274,100	0.2%
391	California	24	1,500	2,800	1,300	323,500	0.4%
97	California	25	800	4,300	3,500	302,700	1.2%
170	California	26	1,600	4,600	3,000	325,900	0.9%
102	California	27	500	4,300	3,800	332,200	1.1%
163	California	28	500	3,900	3,400	359,900	0.9%
141	California	29	700	3,800	3,100	303,700	1.0%
77	California	30	600	5,200	4,600	358,200	1.3%
240	California	31	500	2,700	2,200	292,200	0.8%
106	California	32	700	4,000	3,300	293,800	1.1%
123	California	33	800	4,700	3,900	364,200	1.1%
31	California	34	500	6,500	6,000	309,400	1.9%
46	California	35	700	5,300	4,600	284,800	1.6%
413	California	36	700	1,500	800	251,900	0.3%
73	California	37	600	5,000	4,400	335,600	1.3%
90	California	38	700	4,400	3,700	313,300	1.2%
37	California	39	800	6,800	6,000	332,000	1.8%
34	California	40	700	6,100	5,400	280,500	1.9%
228	California	41	600	2,700	2,100	271,900	0.8%
120	California	42	700	4,000	3,300	307,000	1.1%
89	California	43	700	4,300	3,600	302,800	1.2%
101	California	44	700	3,800	3,100	270,600	1.1%
12	California	45	800	10,100	9,300	354,400	2.6%
48	California	46	800	5,800	5,000	314,400	1.6%
144	California	47	600	3,900	3,300	327,600	1.0%
24	California	48	800	8,200	7,400	352,600	2.1%
23	California	49	700	7,000	6,300	299,700	2.1%
99	California	50	1,000	4,400	3,400	296,200	1.1%
266	California	51	700	2,500	1,800	258,600	0.7%
10	California	52	700	10,700	10,000	350,100	2.9%
108	California	53	500	4,300	3,800	342,700	1.1%
160	Colorado	1	600	4,300	3,700	384,400	1.0%
25	Colorado	2	900	8,900	8,000	384,600	2.1%
377	Colorado	3	900	2,400	1,500	331,400	0.5%
27	Colorado	4	1,200	8,300	7,100	344,100	2.1%
75	Colorado	5	600	4,700	4,100	315,900	1.3%
103	Colorado	6	600	4,800	4,200	369,600	1.1%
188	Colorado	7	700	3,800	3,100	362,500	0.9%
229	Connecticut	1	800	3,500	2,700	349,800	0.8%
225	Connecticut	2	900	3,600	2,700	348,600	0.8%
133	Connecticut	3	800	4,500	3,700	352,700	1.0%
93	Connecticut	4	700	4,700	4,000	343,000	1.2%
126	Connecticut	5	900	4,600	3,700	348,300	1.1%
330	DC	Statewide	900	3,300	2,400	420,400	0.6%
378	Delaware	Statewide	300	1,700	1,400	310,600	0.5%
402	Florida	1	500	1,600	1,100	303,900	0.4%
372	Florida	2	500	1,900	1,400	301,500	0.5%
419	Florida	3	600	1,400	800	277,000	0.3%
339	Florida	4	600	2,400	1,800	329,900	0.5%
332	Florida	5	500	2,100	1,600	284,000	0.6%
345	Florida	6	500	2,000	1,500	283,200	0.5%
208	Florida	7	500	3,100	2,600	322,500	0.8%
60	Florida	8	600	4,700	4,100	283,400	1.4%
390	Florida	9	400	1,700	1,300	317,200	0.4%
358	Florida	10	600	2,200	1,600	331,500	0.5%
353	Florida	11	400	1,500	1,100	217,400	0.5%
94	Florida	12	400	3,700	3,300	283,200	1.2%
136	Florida	13	600	3,800	3,200	309,200	1.0%
302	Florida	14	500	2,500	2,000	320,700	0.6%
334	Florida	15	700	2,400	1,700	304,200	0.6%
271	Florida	16	400	2,300	1,900	276,100	0.7%
432	Florida	17	1,100	1,100	0	248,700	0.0%
357	Florida	18	500	1,900	1,400	284,000	0.5%
388	Florida	19	500	1,600	1,100	265,200	0.4%
299	Florida	20	500	2,400	1,900	302,100	0.6%
298	Florida	21	400	2,400	2,000	316,800	0.6%
158	Florida	22	500	3,700	3,200	332,000	1.0%
113	Florida	23	400	4,100	3,700	339,900	1.1%
351	Florida	24	400	1,900	1,500	293,400	0.5%
290	Florida	25	700	2,800	2,100	326,000	0.6%
361	Florida	26	600	2,200	1,600	335,600	0.5%
277	Florida	27	500	2,600	2,100	313,600	0.7%
414	Georgia	1	700	1,600	900	286,100	0.3%
347	Georgia	2	800	2,100	1,300	251,200	0.5%
116	Georgia	3	700	3,800	3,100	285,800	1.1%
261	Georgia	4	600	2,800	2,200	311,700	0.7%
203	Georgia	5	500	3,100	2,600	318,100	0.8%
72	Georgia	6	700	5,500	4,800	361,200	1.3%
50	Georgia	7	600	5,500	4,900	312,500	1.6%
411	Georgia	8	800	1,700	900	272,700	0.3%
128	Georgia	9	900	3,900	3,000	284,600	1.1%
267	Georgia	10	700	2,700	2,000	287,400	0.7%
173	Georgia	11	800	3,900	3,100	340,900	0.9%
355	Georgia	12	800	2,200	1,400	278,200	0.5%
311	Georgia	13	600	2,500	1,900	312,800	0.6%
40	Georgia	14	1,100	6,100	5,000	290,700	1.7%
327	Hawaii	1	400	2,300	1,900	330,100	0.6%
421	Hawaii	2	600	1,400	800	299,400	0.3%
58	Idaho	1	1,200	6,000	4,800	329,900	1.5%
168	Idaho	2	1,700	5,000	3,300	355,000	0.9%
304	Illinois	1	500	2,300	1,800	290,200	0.6%
255	Illinois	2	600	2,600	2,000	278,200	0.7%
254	Illinois	3	600	2,900	2,300	319,500	0.7%
154	Illinois	4	700	3,900	3,200	326,600	1.0%
117	Illinois	5	700	5,000	4,300	397,600	1.1%
21	Illinois	6	900	8,900	8,000	355,600	2.2%
276	Illinois	7	500	2,500	2,000	298,500	0.7%
67	Illinois	8	900	5,900	5,000	366,300	1.4%
79	Illinois	9	600	5,000	4,400	347,200	1.3%
59	Illinois	10	800	5,500	4,700	324,800	1.4%
63	Illinois	11	800	5,700	4,900	347,300	1.4%
371	Illinois	12	700	2,100	1,400	301,000	0.5%
399	Illinois	13	800	2,000	1,200	326,600	0.4%
86	Illinois	14	900	5,100	4,200	351,000	1.2%
384	Illinois	15	1,200	2,600	1,400	316,500	0.4%
328	Illinois	16	1,200	3,100	1,900	330,800	0.6%
291	Illinois	17	1,200	3,200	2,000	311,700	0.6%
354	Illinois	18	1,100	2,800	1,700	337,500	0.5%
310	Indiana	1	900	2,800	1,900	310,600	0.6%
236	Indiana	2	1,600	4,000	2,400	317,800	0.8%
156	Indiana	3	1,600	4,800	3,200	327,000	1.0%
265	Indiana	4	1,300	3,600	2,300	328,500	0.7%
239	Indiana	5	900	3,600	2,700	357,700	0.8%
197	Indiana	6	1,400	4,000	2,600	311,900	0.8%
161	Indiana	7	700	3,700	3,000	312,200	1.0%
190	Indiana	8	1,200	4,000	2,800	329,300	0.9%
274	Indiana	9	1,100	3,400	2,300	339,400	0.7%
247	Iowa	1	1,700	4,600	2,900	392,300	0.7%
321	Iowa	2	1,400	3,600	2,200	373,400	0.6%
350	Iowa	3	1,100	3,100	2,000	390,800	0.5%
424	Iowa	4	1,900	2,700	800	382,300	0.2%
429	Kansas	1	1,700	2,100	400	345,900	0.1%
366	Kansas	2	900	2,500	1,600	339,900	0.5%
129	Kansas	3	800	4,700	3,900	370,300	1.1%
410	Kansas	4	1,400	2,500	1,100	332,900	0.3%
297	Kentucky	1	1,200	3,000	1,800	284,800	0.6%
201	Kentucky	2	1,200	3,800	2,600	317,100	0.8%
131	Kentucky	3	800	4,300	3,500	333,300	1.1%
317	Kentucky	4	1,000	3,000	2,000	333,500	0.6%
396	Kentucky	5	600	1,500	900	234,300	0.4%
44	Kentucky	6	1,100	6,800	5,700	335,400	1.7%
400	Louisiana	1	600	1,900	1,300	354,000	0.4%
409	Louisiana	2	500	1,600	1,100	329,000	0.3%
415	Louisiana	3	800	1,800	1,000	328,100	0.3%
395	Louisiana	4	700	1,900	1,200	311,100	0.4%
422	Louisiana	5	800	1,500	700	283,900	0.2%
406	Louisiana	6	700	2,000	1,300	367,800	0.4%
263	Maine	1	800	3,200	2,400	340,400	0.7%
333	Maine	2	900	2,600	1,700	302,700	0.6%
335	Maryland	1	800	2,700	1,900	342,300	0.6%
349	Maryland	2	500	2,300	1,800	351,700	0.5%
275	Maryland	3	500	3,000	2,500	369,500	0.7%
238	Maryland	4	500	3,400	2,900	384,100	0.8%
319	Maryland	5	500	2,700	2,200	368,200	0.6%
165	Maryland	6	600	4,000	3,400	363,200	0.9%
296	Maryland	7	500	2,500	2,000	315,700	0.6%
162	Maryland	8	600	4,400	3,800	400,100	0.9%
307	Massachusetts	1	700	2,800	2,100	341,000	0.6%
19	Massachusetts	2	700	9,100	8,400	356,500	2.4%
8	Massachusetts	3	900	11,900	11,000	355,400	3.1%
30	Massachusetts	4	700	8,000	7,300	374,800	1.9%
32	Massachusetts	5	600	8,100	7,500	387,400	1.9%
83	Massachusetts	6	800	5,400	4,600	372,000	1.2%
220	Massachusetts	7	500	3,400	2,900	369,800	0.8%
124	Massachusetts	8	600	4,600	4,000	375,600	1.1%
164	Massachusetts	9	700	4,000	3,300	352,300	0.9%
359	Michigan	1	900	2,300	1,400	290,200	0.5%
331	Michigan	2	1,400	3,200	1,800	315,900	0.6%
315	Michigan	3	1,200	3,100	1,900	315,300	0.6%
300	Michigan	4	1,100	2,900	1,800	286,300	0.6%
313	Michigan	5	900	2,500	1,600	264,800	0.6%
326	Michigan	6	1,400	3,200	1,800	310,400	0.6%
368	Michigan	7	1,300	2,700	1,400	299,100	0.5%
219	Michigan	8	1,300	3,900	2,600	330,800	0.8%
309	Michigan	9	1,300	3,300	2,000	326,100	0.6%
205	Michigan	10	1,600	4,100	2,500	308,700	0.8%
192	Michigan	11	1,400	4,300	2,900	342,100	0.8%
382	Michigan	12	1,100	2,500	1,400	313,800	0.4%
312	Michigan	13	800	2,200	1,400	230,700	0.6%
281	Michigan	14	800	2,500	1,700	257,700	0.7%
13	Minnesota	1	1,400	10,500	9,100	348,200	2.6%
22	Minnesota	2	1,100	8,700	7,600	358,300	2.1%
28	Minnesota	3	1,000	8,300	7,300	353,800	2.1%
153	Minnesota	4	800	4,100	3,300	336,000	1.0%
82	Minnesota	5	700	5,100	4,400	352,000	1.3%
70	Minnesota	6	1,100	5,800	4,700	348,700	1.3%
293	Minnesota	7	1,800	3,900	2,100	328,700	0.6%
233	Minnesota	8	800	3,100	2,300	303,400	0.8%
273	Mississippi	1	900	3,000	2,100	305,600	0.7%
407	Mississippi	2	900	1,800	900	266,900	0.3%
374	Mississippi	3	800	2,200	1,400	303,900	0.5%
375	Mississippi	4	600	2,000	1,400	304,900	0.5%
427	Missouri	1	1,800	2,500	700	480,000	0.1%
340	Missouri	2	600	2,400	1,800	331,500	0.5%
178	Missouri	3	900	4,300	3,400	378,600	0.9%
348	Missouri	4	1,000	2,900	1,900	370,000	0.5%
392	Missouri	5	900	2,200	1,300	324,900	0.4%
294	Missouri	6	800	3,000	2,200	345,300	0.6%
381	Missouri	7	1,300	2,900	1,600	355,900	0.4%
303	Missouri	8	900	3,000	2,100	337,400	0.6%
367	Montana	Statewide	1,200	2,600	1,400	298,500	0.5%
320	Nebraska	1	1,100	3,000	1,900	321,700	0.6%
232	Nebraska	2	500	2,900	2,400	316,300	0.8%
433	Nebraska	3	2,000	1,900	-100	305,600	0.0%
376	Nevada	1	300	1,600	1,300	284,700	0.5%
224	Nevada	2	700	3,100	2,400	309,400	0.8%
342	Nevada	3	400	2,200	1,800	336,500	0.5%
363	Nevada	4	400	1,700	1,300	274,300	0.5%
57	New Hampshire	1	900	6,100	5,200	352,600	1.5%
33	New Hampshire	2	900	7,300	6,400	332,200	1.9%
189	New Jersey	1	600	3,500	2,900	339,200	0.9%
346	New Jersey	2	700	2,400	1,700	324,400	0.5%
204	New Jersey	3	600	3,400	2,800	344,200	0.8%
181	New Jersey	4	500	3,400	2,900	326,400	0.9%
64	New Jersey	5	800	5,800	5,000	356,100	1.4%
121	New Jersey	6	700	4,500	3,800	353,600	1.1%
39	New Jersey	7	800	7,300	6,500	377,100	1.7%
139	New Jersey	8	600	4,400	3,800	371,000	1.0%
145	New Jersey	9	600	4,000	3,400	338,500	1.0%
196	New Jersey	10	400	3,000	2,600	310,700	0.8%
80	New Jersey	11	700	5,200	4,500	358,800	1.3%
174	New Jersey	12	700	3,900	3,200	352,400	0.9%
107	New Mexico	1	600	4,100	3,500	311,900	1.1%
425	New Mexico	2	900	1,400	500	273,100	0.2%
227	New Mexico	3	600	2,800	2,200	284,800	0.8%
74	New York	1	600	5,100	4,500	343,300	1.3%
112	New York	2	600	4,500	3,900	357,800	1.1%
211	New York	3	500	3,200	2,700	336,700	0.8%
336	New York	4	400	2,300	1,900	342,500	0.6%
226	New York	5	400	3,000	2,600	336,200	0.8%
251	New York	6	400	2,800	2,400	327,000	0.7%
114	New York	7	400	3,900	3,500	322,200	1.1%
257	New York	8	300	2,400	2,100	292,700	0.7%
260	New York	9	300	2,600	2,300	324,900	0.7%
253	New York	10	400	3,000	2,600	360,300	0.7%
318	New York	11	400	2,300	1,900	317,500	0.6%
167	New York	12	600	4,500	3,900	418,800	0.9%
268	New York	13	400	2,600	2,200	317,200	0.7%
308	New York	14	400	2,500	2,100	341,800	0.6%
338	New York	15	300	1,700	1,400	255,900	0.5%
246	New York	16	400	2,800	2,400	323,600	0.7%
148	New York	17	400	3,800	3,400	341,400	1.0%
11	New York	18	600	9,800	9,200	332,100	2.8%
49	New York	19	700	5,900	5,200	327,300	1.6%
237	New York	20	500	3,200	2,700	357,600	0.8%
289	New York	21	700	2,700	2,000	309,200	0.6%
98	New York	22	800	4,500	3,700	320,200	1.2%
259	New York	23	1,100	3,400	2,300	324,600	0.7%
182	New York	24	900	3,800	2,900	327,300	0.9%
62	New York	25	700	5,500	4,800	335,400	1.4%
292	New York	26	600	2,700	2,100	327,700	0.6%
230	New York	27	1,000	3,600	2,600	337,800	0.8%
200	North Carolina	1	900	3,300	2,400	291,800	0.8%
47	North Carolina	2	800	5,700	4,900	303,800	1.6%
403	North Carolina	3	700	1,800	1,100	305,600	0.4%
54	North Carolina	4	600	5,800	5,200	350,900	1.5%
134	North Carolina	5	1,000	4,400	3,400	324,500	1.0%
71	North Carolina	6	900	5,500	4,600	341,800	1.3%
389	North Carolina	7	900	2,200	1,300	315,400	0.4%
53	North Carolina	8	800	5,300	4,500	301,700	1.5%
132	North Carolina	9	800	4,700	3,900	371,400	1.1%
91	North Carolina	10	900	4,700	3,800	324,000	1.2%
223	North Carolina	11	900	3,200	2,300	295,400	0.8%
66	North Carolina	12	600	5,000	4,400	319,800	1.4%
29	North Carolina	13	900	8,000	7,100	349,900	2.0%
430	North Dakota	Statewide	1,600	1,900	300	370,800	0.1%
280	Ohio	1	800	3,000	2,200	332,300	0.7%
306	Ohio	2	800	2,800	2,000	323,600	0.6%
222	Ohio	3	600	3,200	2,600	333,000	0.8%
218	Ohio	4	1,500	4,000	2,500	317,900	0.8%
270	Ohio	5	1,400	3,700	2,300	334,200	0.7%
256	Ohio	6	900	3,000	2,100	292,300	0.7%
214	Ohio	7	1,300	3,900	2,600	326,800	0.8%
216	Ohio	8	1,400	4,000	2,600	328,800	0.8%
279	Ohio	9	900	3,000	2,100	315,000	0.7%
187	Ohio	10	800	3,500	2,700	312,800	0.9%
285	Ohio	11	600	2,400	1,800	275,200	0.7%
278	Ohio	12	900	3,300	2,400	359,500	0.7%
195	Ohio	13	900	3,600	2,700	320,400	0.8%
146	Ohio	14	1,100	4,600	3,500	349,700	1.0%
286	Ohio	15	900	3,100	2,200	336,400	0.7%
185	Ohio	16	1,100	4,200	3,100	355,600	0.9%
95	Oklahoma	1	900	5,100	4,200	361,900	1.2%
360	Oklahoma	2	1,000	2,400	1,400	290,300	0.5%
401	Oklahoma	3	1,200	2,400	1,200	329,900	0.4%
147	Oklahoma	4	800	4,300	3,500	350,900	1.0%
272	Oklahoma	5	700	3,100	2,400	348,800	0.7%
6	Oregon	1	1,200	20,100	18,900	377,200	5.0%
352	Oregon	2	1,500	3,100	1,600	314,200	0.5%
69	Oregon	3	800	6,000	5,200	383,300	1.4%
110	Oregon	4	1,100	4,500	3,400	309,000	1.1%
143	Oregon	5	1,100	4,400	3,300	326,700	1.0%
209	Pennsylvania	1	400	2,600	2,200	273,300	0.8%
282	Pennsylvania	2	300	2,100	1,800	273,100	0.7%
135	Pennsylvania	3	900	4,200	3,300	317,700	1.0%
193	Pennsylvania	4	900	3,800	2,900	342,900	0.8%
235	Pennsylvania	5	1,000	3,400	2,400	316,800	0.8%
140	Pennsylvania	6	900	4,600	3,700	362,300	1.0%
172	Pennsylvania	7	900	4,000	3,100	339,700	0.9%
100	Pennsylvania	8	800	4,900	4,100	357,800	1.1%
284	Pennsylvania	9	900	2,900	2,000	304,800	0.7%
250	Pennsylvania	10	1,000	3,300	2,300	312,500	0.7%
231	Pennsylvania	11	800	3,300	2,500	329,300	0.8%
138	Pennsylvania	12	800	4,200	3,400	331,900	1.0%
199	Pennsylvania	13	700	3,500	2,800	339,000	0.8%
186	Pennsylvania	14	500	3,300	2,800	323,200	0.9%
118	Pennsylvania	15	900	4,600	3,700	343,800	1.1%
264	Pennsylvania	16	1,100	3,400	2,300	327,700	0.7%
198	Pennsylvania	17	700	3,300	2,600	312,600	0.8%
142	Pennsylvania	18	800	4,300	3,500	345,000	1.0%
119	Rhode Island	1	600	3,300	2,700	250,900	1.1%
65	Rhode Island	2	400	4,000	3,600	260,300	1.4%
370	South Carolina	1	700	2,100	1,400	299,800	0.5%
241	South Carolina	2	700	3,000	2,300	305,600	0.8%
92	South Carolina	3	1,000	4,100	3,100	264,500	1.2%
159	South Carolina	4	1,000	3,900	2,900	301,000	1.0%
85	South Carolina	5	900	4,200	3,300	275,200	1.2%
337	South Carolina	6	700	2,100	1,400	253,500	0.6%
262	South Carolina	7	700	2,600	1,900	269,400	0.7%
408	South Dakota	Statewide	1,900	3,300	1,400	415,600	0.3%
207	Tennessee	1	900	3,300	2,400	297,600	0.8%
325	Tennessee	2	800	2,700	1,900	327,200	0.6%
206	Tennessee	3	800	3,200	2,400	297,000	0.8%
152	Tennessee	4	1,000	4,100	3,100	314,500	1.0%
61	Tennessee	5	600	5,700	5,100	353,400	1.4%
217	Tennessee	6	900	3,300	2,400	304,500	0.8%
84	Tennessee	7	900	4,400	3,500	285,800	1.2%
295	Tennessee	8	1,000	2,900	1,900	299,200	0.6%
202	Tennessee	9	600	3,100	2,500	305,300	0.8%
329	Texas	1	700	2,400	1,700	297,700	0.6%
16	Texas	2	800	9,800	9,000	364,600	2.5%
7	Texas	3	900	12,700	11,800	371,200	3.2%
212	Texas	4	800	3,200	2,400	299,300	0.8%
213	Texas	5	700	3,100	2,400	300,800	0.8%
171	Texas	6	900	4,100	3,200	348,800	0.9%
42	Texas	7	800	7,200	6,400	376,300	1.7%
244	Texas	8	800	3,100	2,300	309,200	0.7%
122	Texas	9	500	4,000	3,500	326,400	1.1%
9	Texas	10	800	11,100	10,300	342,600	3.0%
416	Texas	11	900	1,800	900	308,800	0.3%
68	Texas	12	1,000	5,600	4,600	337,500	1.4%
405	Texas	13	1,100	2,200	1,100	309,000	0.4%
373	Texas	14	700	2,100	1,400	303,300	0.5%
404	Texas	15	600	1,600	1,000	280,900	0.4%
221	Texas	16	400	2,600	2,200	281,300	0.8%
17	Texas	17	700	8,800	8,100	329,300	2.5%
14	Texas	18	600	8,600	8,000	306,400	2.6%
394	Texas	19	900	2,100	1,200	310,700	0.4%
380	Texas	20	500	1,900	1,400	311,400	0.4%
88	Texas	21	600	4,900	4,300	361,200	1.2%
184	Texas	22	700	3,800	3,100	352,500	0.9%
397	Texas	23	800	1,900	1,100	289,700	0.4%
45	Texas	24	800	7,300	6,500	388,600	1.7%
20	Texas	25	700	7,500	6,800	302,200	2.3%
115	Texas	26	900	4,900	4,000	368,300	1.1%
322	Texas	27	800	2,600	1,800	305,600	0.6%
398	Texas	28	600	1,600	1,000	266,300	0.4%
242	Texas	29	700	2,900	2,200	292,900	0.8%
150	Texas	30	500	3,400	2,900	292,300	1.0%
4	Texas	31	500	24,700	24,200	323,000	7.5%
35	Texas	32	800	7,600	6,800	360,900	1.9%
55	Texas	33	700	4,900	4,200	283,900	1.5%
418	Texas	34	600	1,300	700	242,200	0.3%
105	Texas	35	500	4,100	3,600	318,200	1.1%
383	Texas	36	800	2,100	1,300	291,900	0.4%
249	Utah	1	900	3,200	2,300	312,400	0.7%
183	Utah	2	700	3,400	2,700	305,700	0.9%
76	Utah	3	500	4,500	4,000	311,200	1.3%
176	Utah	4	700	3,700	3,000	331,500	0.9%
81	Vermont	Statewide	900	5,000	4,100	327,300	1.3%
248	Virginia	1	600	3,200	2,600	352,400	0.7%
323	Virginia	2	500	2,500	2,000	339,800	0.6%
356	Virginia	3	400	2,000	1,600	320,100	0.5%
252	Virginia	4	700	3,100	2,400	327,900	0.7%
316	Virginia	5	800	2,700	1,900	316,100	0.6%
288	Virginia	6	800	3,000	2,200	339,900	0.6%
166	Virginia	7	600	4,000	3,400	364,600	0.9%
341	Virginia	8	500	2,800	2,300	423,700	0.5%
210	Virginia	9	1,000	3,400	2,400	298,400	0.8%
87	Virginia	10	700	5,200	4,500	376,400	1.2%
191	Virginia	11	500	3,900	3,400	400,900	0.8%
41	Washington	1	1,000	6,700	5,700	332,300	1.7%
344	Washington	2	1,000	2,700	1,700	318,900	0.5%
52	Washington	3	900	5,200	4,300	284,500	1.5%
434	Washington	4	2,000	1,900	-100	284,500	0.0%
324	Washington	5	800	2,500	1,700	291,500	0.6%
385	Washington	6	600	1,800	1,200	275,500	0.4%
96	Washington	7	800	5,200	4,400	380,000	1.2%
343	Washington	8	1,200	2,900	1,700	318,000	0.5%
149	Washington	9	900	4,300	3,400	341,400	1.0%
125	Washington	10	500	3,600	3,100	291,300	1.1%
283	West Virginia	1	600	2,300	1,700	258,700	0.7%
379	West Virginia	2	600	1,800	1,200	266,900	0.4%
420	West Virginia	3	500	1,100	600	223,000	0.3%
175	Wisconsin	1	1,100	4,200	3,100	342,500	0.9%
245	Wisconsin	2	1,200	4,100	2,900	390,000	0.7%
104	Wisconsin	3	1,500	5,500	4,000	353,500	1.1%
194	Wisconsin	4	800	3,400	2,600	308,000	0.8%
130	Wisconsin	5	1,300	5,200	3,900	370,600	1.1%
215	Wisconsin	6	1,700	4,500	2,800	353,600	0.8%
258	Wisconsin	7	1,600	4,000	2,400	338,400	0.7%
243	Wisconsin	8	1,600	4,300	2,700	362,800	0.7%
428	Wyoming	Statewide	800	1,200	400	290,000	0.1%
	Total*		357,600	1,787,600	1,430,000	140,399,600	1.0%

Note: *Subcategory and overall totals may vary slightly due to rounding.